Green Bonds and Green Financing: A Bibliometric Analysis

Abstract

Green bonds and green financing have emerged as essential financial mechanisms supporting global sustainability transitions, particularly in addressing climate change, renewable energy development, and carbon reduction strategies. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of Scopus-indexed publications to map the intellectual structure, thematic evolution, and collaboration patterns within green finance research. Using VOSviewer, the analysis visualizes keyword co-occurrence, author networks, institutional affiliations, and country collaborations. The findings reveal that “green bonds,” “green finance,” “sustainable development,” and “energy efficiency” are the field’s dominant research hotspots. China, the United Kingdom, India, and Italy appear as central contributors, indicating strong cross-national engagement. Highly cited studies emphasize themes such as green bond premiums, market reaction, spillover effects, and green economic recovery. The results demonstrate that research has evolved from conceptual discussions on environmental finance toward applied empirical modeling and policy-relevant analysis. This study enriches the understanding of green bond literature and highlights opportunities for advancing interdisciplinary collaboration in sustainable finance scholarship.