Towards Smart Agriculture: Analysis of Agricultural Digitalization and Social Engagement in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58812/wsshs.v3i09.2230Keywords:
Digitalization of Agriculture, Digital Literacy, Agricultural Extension Worker, Digital Technology, IndonesiaAbstract
Agricultural digitalization is a strategic solution for increasing productivity and efficiency in the agricultural sector in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. Agricultural digitalization represents a fundamental transformation that is transforming food production, distribution, and consumption systems. The main advantage of digitalization lies in its ability to effectively collect, process, and analyze data ranging from weather information and soil characteristics to crop yield estimates. This study used a scoping review method to examine the literature related to the implementation of digital technology in Indonesian agriculture, focusing on the benefits, challenges, and the role of agricultural extension workers. The study results show that technologies such as IoT, AI, and GIS can drive increased agricultural yields, although their adoption is still limited to groups of farmers with high digital literacy. Age, education, infrastructure, and socio-cultural dynamics also influence technology acceptance. The Social Shaping of Technology approach emphasizes that the success of digitalization is influenced by the social context and the active participation of various parties. Challenges such as resistance to change, lack of training, and infrastructure gaps need to be addressed through inclusive cross-sector collaboration. Further research is recommended to explore technology implementation in non-Java regions and encourage active farmer involvement in innovation.
References
[1] Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia, “Laporan tahunan transformasi digital pertanian,” Kementerian Pertanian, 2023.
[2] M. Azis and E. A. Suryana, “Komparasi dan implementasi kebijakan digitalisasi pertanian: Peluang dan tantangan,” Risal. Kebijak. Pertan. DAN Lingkung. Rumusan Kaji. Strateg. Bid. Pertan. Dan Lingkung., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 179–198, 2023.
[3] R. R. Rachmawati, “Smart Farming 4.0 untuk mewujudkan pertanian Indonesia maju, mandiri, dan modern,” in Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 2020, pp. 137–154.
[4] H. Shania Alya, W. Diah Fitria, and Subejo, “Innovation Characteristics in Configuring Farmers’ Digital Literacy on E-Reporting Polygon in Wukirsari Indonesia,” in BIO Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, 2023, p. 6005.
[5] W. F. Susanti, K. Jannatuzzahra, A. D. P. Kartika, and S. Mukaromah, “Upaya dalam Mengurangi Kesenjangan Digital pada Penerapan Smart Village,” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi, 2023, pp. 334–343.
[6] Taofan Bagus Prayuda, “Peran Penyuluh Pertanian dalam Mendukung Transformasi Digital Melalui Petani Apps di Sektor Pertanian Pedesaan Air Joman,” Neptunus J. Ilmu Komput. Dan Teknol. Inf., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 43–50, 2024, doi: 10.61132/neptunus.v2i4.402.
[7] E. T. Wibowo, “Pembangunan ekonomi pertanian digital dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan (studi di Kabupaten Sleman: Dinas Pertanian, Pangan, dan Perikanan, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta),” J. Ketahanan Nas., vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 204–228, 2020.
[8] I. P. S. A. Prayuda, A. Basit, Y. K. Zahari, and R. A. Sakti, “Peluang dan Tantangan Pengembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) dari Berbagai Aspek Ekonomi,” Econ. Rev. J., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 2670–2683, 2024.
[9] L. M. Harahap, T. G. Pakpahan, R. A. Wijaya, and A. Z. Nasution, “Dampak Transformasi Digital pada Agribisnis: Tantangan dan Peluang bagi Petani di Indonesia,” Bot. Publ. Ilmu Tanam. Dan Agribisnis, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 99–108, 2024.
[10] R. Williams and D. Edge, “The social shaping of technology,” Res. Policy, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 865–899, 1996.
[11] E. Yusliana, S. Anantanyu, and E. Rusdiyana, “Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kompetensi petani dalam melakukan usahatani ikan air tawar di kecamatan Polanharjo Kabupaten Klaten,” Agromix, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 202–217, 2020.
[12] H. Arksey and L. O’malley, “Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework,” Int. J. Soc. Res. Methodol., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 19–32, 2005.
[13] A. Z. Chulwa, M. Z. Ibad, and A. S. Tanjung, “Dampak digitalisasi pertanian terhadap tingkat ekonomi masyarakat petani di Kecamatan Adiluwih dan Gadingrejo Pringsewu,” J. Perenc. Dan Pengemb. Kebijak., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 176–183, 2022.
[14] R. Rakhmadi and J. Junaidi, “Digital Economy Through E-Commerce in Agriculture in Indonesia,” 2022.
[15] M. Rafli, S. Ardiansyah, A. M. Fikri, S. Bahri, M. N. Rozikin, and M. Kamaluddin, “Pengembangan Liniku. id berbasis digitalisasi masyarakat di sektor pertanian dan agrowisata,” in Prosiding Industrial Research Workshop and National Seminar, 2020, pp. 663–669.
[16] K. Mayasari, P. Muljono, and A. Fatchiya, “Kepuasan pengguna informasi pertanian dan strategi diseminasi teknologi pertanian melalui pemanfaatan aplikasi iTani,” J. Penyul., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 174–184, 2020.
[17] R. Amelia and A. Munim, “Agricultural Digitalization: Can This Transformation Increase Farmers’ Income In East Java?,” in Proceedings of The International Conference on Data Science and Official Statistics, 2023, pp. 708–720.
[18] M. A. Nasir, “Digital extension and the development of agricultural performance in Indonesia,” in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, IOP Publishing, 2021, p. 12040.
[19] B. Wijayanto and E. Puspitojati, “Optimizing Agricultural Mechanization to Enhance The Efficiency and Productivity of Farming In Indonesia: A Review,” AJARCDE (Asian J. Appl. Res. Community Dev. Empower., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 209–217, 2024.
[20] T. Tapi and Y. Y. Makabori, “Transformasi penyuluhan pertanian menuju society 5.0: analisis peran teknologi informasi dan komunikasi,” J. Sustain. Agric. Ext., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 37–47, 2024.
[21] L. F. Prastiwi, N. A. Yunikawati, R. D. Bintara, L. A. Perguna, V. Purnamasari, and A. R. A. Latiff, “Indonesian Agricultural Workforce in the Digital Era,” Rev. Integr. Bus. Econ. Res., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 452–462, 2025.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Salya Elva Corinna, Aldi Hardianto, Ganjar Ndaru Aji, Salsabila Gunawijaya, Shania Alya Hisna
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Facebook 
Instagram 
Twitter 
Youtube 
westscience.journals@gmail.com