This journal aims to present and explore the complex interrelationship between nature and technology in the evolving modern world. With an emphasis on understanding, sustainability, and innovation, the journal explores how technology can be used to understand nature, protect ecosystems, and create more sustainable solutions. The journal "West Science Nature and Technology" invites researchers, scientists, and technology practitioners to contribute to various disciplines, including environmental science, engineering, biology, etc. The journal is a platform for knowledge sharing, the latest research, and innovative ideas that can help guide humanity's journey toward a more balanced relationship with nature through technology.
Assessing the Impact of Mesh Density on Safety Factor in 2D and 3D Finite Element Modeling: A Case Study of Landslide Mitigation with Corrugated Concrete Sheet Pile (CCSP)
The problem of landslides in irrigation canal embankments often occurs in areas with soft and expansive soils that have low bearing capacity and are easily changed in volume due to fluctuations in water content. One of the main triggers is the rapid drawdown phenomenon that causes a sudden decrease in slope stability. In this study, slope stability analysis was conducted using the finite element method with PLAXIS 2D and PLAXIS 3D software. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of mesh variation and soil model selection between Mohr-Coulomb Undrained A and Hardening Soil on Safety Factor (SF) value and slope settlement pattern. The reinforcement treatment analyzed was the use of Corrugated Concrete Sheet Pile (CCSP) installed on the side of the slope to improve stability. The results showed that the mesh variation affected the SF results and stress distribution patterns, especially in the 3D model. The Hardening Soil model produced more realistic deformation and SF predictions than the Mohr-Coulomb model. Thus, choosing the right soil model and mesh configuration is very influential in producing accurate analysis and can be used as a reference in the design of irrigation canal slope treatment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dyah Ayu Rahmawati Cupasindy, Moch. Sholeh, Fuji Asema, Novita Anggraini, Helik Susilo, Muhammad Tri Aditya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Water Resource Management Strategies in the Citarum River Basin
The Citarum River Basin is one of Indonesia’s most vital water sources, yet it faces severe degradation due to pollution, rapid industrialization, and unsustainable practices. This study explores water resource management strategies in the Citarum River Basin using a qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with three key informants: a government representative, a community leader, and an environmental activist. The findings reveal that effective water management requires integrated efforts involving regulatory enforcement, community participation, and environmental advocacy. While government programs such as the Citarum Harum Program provide a framework for restoration, weak law enforcement and limited stakeholder coordination hinder progress. Communities demonstrate willingness to participate but face resource and knowledge constraints, whereas civil society organizations play a vital role in advocacy and awareness-raising. The study concludes that sustainable management of the Citarum River demands multi-stakeholder collaboration, strong governance, and inclusive participation to balance ecological, social, and economic needs.
Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM)
Copyright (c) 2025 Darmawan Listya Cahya, Andrian Khoirul Ummah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Economics of Environmental Health: Bibliometric Insights into Cost-Benefit and Public Policy Approaches
Environmental health economics has emerged as a necessary interdisciplinary field of research that addresses the complex interaction among environment quality, public health, and economic policy. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis at the world level to map the intellectual landscape of the field, with a particular focus on cost-benefit analysis and public policy measures. Based on the Scopus database between 2000 and 2025 and VOSviewer for visual network analysis, the study identifies the top authors, institutions, countries, and research topics that have been prominent in the field. The findings of the research validate that "environmental health" is a overarching theme that connects clusters that deal with air pollution, healthcare policy, sustainable development, and environmental protection. United States, United Kingdom, China, and Germany are major contributors, and inter-disciplinary studies between public health, economics, and environmental sciences rise. Overlay and density visualizations throw into relief both old and emerging fields of research that hold significant lessons for future study and policy-making. The study adds to theory development in environmental health economics and provides practical guidance on aligning research priorities with global health and sustainability goals.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Scientometric Analysis of Green Innovation and Business Models
This study conducts a large-scale scientometric analysis of green business models and green innovation literature to map the intellectual structure, thematic evolution, and global collaboration patterns of this multidisciplinary science. Based on data drawn from the Scopus database from 2000–2025, the study employs VOSviewer software to perform co-authorship, co-citation, and keyword co-occurrence analysis. The results highlight four dominant thematic clusters centered around green innovation, circular economy, digital transformation, and green economy, revealing how these concepts have evolved and intersected over time. China, the United Kingdom, and India emerge as leading contributors, while institutions such as Jiangsu University and Xi’an Jiaotong University play pivotal roles in global research collaboration. The overlay and density visualizations show a surge of interest in digitalization, artificial intelligence, and ESG integration in recent years. The paper provides theoretical and empirical insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners aiming to understand and leverage the evolving forces behind sustainable business model innovation in the green transition era.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Juni Iswanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Green Finance in Environmental Monitoring: A Bibliometric Review of Investment Trends and Policy Impact
The current study undertakes a bibliometric examination to analyze the emerging intersection of green finance and environmental monitoring, two critical areas that are driving the global agenda for sustainability. Based on evidence from the Scopus database and visualization using VOSviewer, the study investigates 20 years of scholarly articles to identify major authors, institutions, countries, and thematic groups. The findings of the research pinpoint a discernible chronological development—early research into pollution detection and environmental monitoring systems giving way to subsequent emphasis on financial tools such as green bonds, sustainable development investments, and decentralized finance. Keyword co-occurrence and overlay visualization show how environmentally pertinent data increasingly is being made part of financial decision-making and policy-making. In addition, the study reveals Chinese, American, Indian, and certain European country regional leadership in terming the story. Findings reveal theoretical and empirical contributions through the convergence of environmental science and financial innovation, as well as discovering limitations towards database scope and metrics by citation. Lastly, the study provides a strategic model for scholars, investors, and policymakers seeking to align environmental intelligence with sustainable finance practice.
The Role of Ecotourism in Improving the Economic and Environmental Welfare of Local Communities in Bali
This study investigates the role of ecotourism in enhancing the economic and environmental welfare of local communities in Bali. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 150 respondents actively engaged in ecotourism activities through a structured questionnaire with a Likert scale (1–5). The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS 3) to test the hypothesized relationships. The results show that ecotourism has a positive and significant effect on economic welfare, reflected in increased income, job opportunities, and local business growth. Similarly, ecotourism significantly improves environmental welfare by encouraging conservation practices, sustainable resource management, and environmental awareness. The model explains 26.2% of the variance in economic welfare and 23.6% in environmental welfare, indicating moderate explanatory power. These findings highlight that ecotourism, when integrated with community participation and cultural traditions, can serve as a strategic tool for sustainable development in Bali. This research provides valuable implications for policymakers, tourism stakeholders, and local communities to strengthen ecotourism initiatives that balance economic growth with ecological preservation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hadi Mulyana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Decade of Scientific Publications on Microbial Biotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture
The increasing demand for sustainable agricultural practices has driven significant scientific interest in microbial biotechnology over the past decade. This study presents a scientometric analysis of global research on microbial biotechnology for sustainable agriculture from 2014 to 2024, using data retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed through VOSviewer software. The results reveal major thematic clusters centered around soil health, plant growth-promoting microbes, rhizosphere dynamics, bioremediation, and microbial metabolism. India, China, the United States, and Brazil emerged as leading contributors, supported by strong international collaboration networks. Keyword co-occurrence, institutional collaboration, and country mapping analyses indicate a growing integration of microbial research with broader environmental and sustainability agendas. Furthermore, the study identifies recent shifts in focus toward climate resilience, microbiome-based approaches, and ecological intensification. The findings offer valuable insights for academic researchers, policymakers, and agricultural stakeholders, highlighting both the intellectual development of the field and its practical applications for addressing global agricultural and environmental challenges.
A Scientometric Review of Agroecology and its Role in Sustainable Food Systems
This study presents a scientometric review of the global research landscape on agroecology and its role in sustainable food systems, using data retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed through VOSviewer. By examining co-authorship patterns, institutional collaborations, keyword co-occurrence, and thematic evolution, the study identifies key contributors, dominant research themes, and emerging trends within the field. Central concepts such as agroecology, sustainability, climate change, and food security form the core of scholarly discourse, reflecting the multidimensional nature of agroecology as both a scientific approach and a socio-political movement. The analysis highlights a growing shift in research focus—from traditional agronomic practices toward systemic issues like food sovereignty, adaptation, and justice-based food system transformation. This review contributes to a deeper understanding of how agroecology has evolved and provides strategic insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners engaged in advancing equitable and resilient food systems globally.
The Effectiveness of Integrated Farming Systems in Improving Household Food Security
This study investigates the effectiveness of Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) in improving household food security in Indonesia using a quantitative approach. A total of 70 farming households were surveyed through structured questionnaires, with responses measured on a Likert scale (1–5). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, including descriptive statistics, reliability and validity testing, correlation, and regression analysis. The results show that IFS significantly and positively influence household food security, with the strongest effects observed on food availability and food accessibility, followed by food utilization and stability. Regression analysis confirmed that IFS explained 41.3% of the variance in household food security (β = 0.642, p < 0.001). These findings highlight that IFS not only increase food production and income but also contribute to dietary diversity and resilience against external shocks. The study concludes that integrated farming is an effective strategy to strengthen rural household food security and supports Indonesia’s broader goal of achieving sustainable food sovereignty.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yohanes Kamakaula, Alnita Baaka https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Community Participation in Mangrove Forest Conservation on Coastal Kaimana Regency West Papua
This study examines the role of community participation in mangrove forest conservation in Kaimana Regency, West Papua, using a qualitative approach with five key informants, including local residents, community leaders, and environmental activists. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and field observations, then analyzed thematically. The findings reveal that community participation is central to mangrove conservation, manifested in activities such as planting, monitoring, and protecting mangroves from exploitation. Local wisdom and traditional norms, rooted in indigenous culture, serve as guiding principles that reinforce compliance and foster a collective sense of ownership. Nevertheless, challenges such as limited financial resources, lack of technical expertise, and external pressures from aquaculture and coastal development threaten the sustainability of these initiatives. Collaboration with NGOs, universities, and government agencies has strengthened local capacity, yet policy support remains inconsistent. This study concludes that integrating local wisdom, empowering communities, and fostering multi-stakeholder collaboration are essential strategies for effective and sustainable mangrove management in West Papua.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yohanes Kamakaula, Meky Sagrim, Obadja Andris Fenetiruma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Sustainability of Renewable Energy in Supporting Indonesia's Net Zero Emissions Target by 2060
Indonesia’s commitment to achieving net zero emissions by 2060 underscores the pivotal role of renewable energy in ensuring environmental sustainability and energy security. This study analyzes the sustainability of renewable energy systems in Indonesia through a comprehensive literature review and document analysis. It examines the progress, challenges, and opportunities in renewable energy development, highlighting the critical role of policy frameworks, financing mechanisms, technological innovations, and community engagement. The findings reveal that while Indonesia has made significant strides in geothermal and hydropower, systemic barriers such as policy inconsistencies, financial constraints, and infrastructure limitations hinder the transition. Lessons from successful renewable energy transitions in Germany, India, and China provide actionable insights for accelerating Indonesia’s energy transition. Recommendations include strengthening policy coherence, mobilizing green financing, modernizing energy infrastructure, and fostering international collaboration to achieve Indonesia’s ambitious net zero emissions target.
Metagenomic and Functional Profiling of Endophytes from Indonesian Medicinal Plants: Potentials for Sustainable Bioprospecting
Indonesia's extraodinary plant biodiversity remains underutilised in microbial bioprospecting, despite its vast potential to support sustainable biotechnological innovation. This study aims to explore and characterise endophytic microorganisms associated with selected Indonesian medicinal plants, focusing on their genetic and functional traits relevant to bioactive compound production. Addressing a gap in integrative profiling, the study adopts a qualitative literature-based methodology, synthesising findings from over 30 peer-reviewed, Scopus-indexed studies published between 2015 and 2024. These studies involve next-generation sequencing, biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) analysis, and in vitro functional assays. Notably, endophytes isolated from plants such as Curcuma longa, Andrographis paniculata, and Phyllanthus niruri harbour diverse and unique BGCs, including non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) and polyketide synthases (PKS), which are linked to antimicrobial, enzymatic, and plant growth-promoting activities. The originality of this study lies in its interdisciplinary synthesis bridging microbial ecology, genomics, and biotechnology, contributing to the theoretical advancement of microbial symbiosis and offering practical implications for natural product development, sustainable agriculture, and Indonesia's emerging bioeconomy
Copyright (c) 2025 Zafira Naja Sakina, Imam Supriyadi; Budi Santoso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Trends and Hotspots in Forest Conservation Research: A Bibliometric and Network Analysis from Scopus Data
This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric and network analysis of forest conservation research published between 2000 and 2024 using data retrieved from the Scopus database. By employing VOSviewer, the study explores co-authorship networks, country collaborations, keyword co-occurrence, thematic evolution, and research intensity. The findings reveal that forest conservation and forest management are the central pillars of the field, interconnected with emerging themes such as biodiversity, climate change, carbon sequestration, and environmental protection. The analysis highlights key contributors—including influential authors and globally active countries like the United States, Germany, China, and Brazil—while also identifying underrepresented regions in collaborative networks. Temporal overlay mapping shows a shift from traditional forest policy and resource management toward integrative themes aligned with global sustainability agendas. The study concludes that forest conservation research has matured into an interdisciplinary and globally relevant field, yet recommends greater attention to socio-cultural dimensions, equity issues, and increased engagement from scholars in the Global South to ensure inclusive and effective conservation strategies.
Environmental Health Study of Coastal Communities to Domestic Wastewater Risks in Medan City
This study examines the environmental health risks posed by domestic waste in coastal communities in Medan City, employing a quantitative approach with a sample of 150 respondents analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The findings highlight significant positive relationships between waste management practices, community awareness, and environmental health outcomes. Infrastructure adequacy further enhances the impact of waste management on health outcomes, demonstrating its moderating role. These results underscore the necessity of integrated strategies combining effective waste management, educational initiatives, and infrastructural investments to improve environmental health in coastal areas. This research provides actionable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, emphasizing the importance of sustainable waste practices to mitigate environmental and health risks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Deli Syaputri, Restu Auliani, Mustar Rusli, Jernita Sinaga, Erba Kalo Manik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integration of Sustainability Principles in Natural Resource Management in Agroforestry Areas
Agroforestry systems represent a critical approach to integrating sustainability principles in natural resource management. This study analyzes 10 Scopus-indexed documents to explore the practices, challenges, and opportunities in agroforestry. The findings reveal the significant role of agroforestry in promoting biodiversity, improving soil fertility, and mitigating climate change through sustainable practices such as circularity, agroecological transitions, and community engagement. However, challenges such as limited access to technology, policy gaps, and socio-economic barriers remain persistent. Integrating traditional ecological knowledge with modern technologies and fostering inclusive governance models are identified as pivotal strategies for enhancing agroforestry’s sustainability. The study highlights the importance of addressing trade-offs between ecological, economic, and social dimensions to unlock agroforestry's full potential in achieving global sustainability goals.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, A. Idun Suwarna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Farmers' Resilience to Climate Change through Sustainable Agricultural Practices
Rice farmers in Indonesia face significant challenges due to climate change, including unpredictable weather patterns, extended dry spells, and increased pest outbreaks. This study explores the resilience of rice farmers to climate change through sustainable agricultural practices using a qualitative approach with five purposively selected participants. Data collection included semi-structured interviews, field observations, and document reviews, analyzed through thematic analysis. Results reveal that farmers are adopting practices such as integrated pest management, organic fertilizers, efficient water use, and resilient seed varieties. However, barriers such as economic constraints, knowledge gaps, and inconsistent institutional support hinder broader adoption. The findings emphasize the need for targeted policy interventions, capacity-building programs, and leveraging community networks to enhance resilience. This study contributes to understanding how grassroots-level adaptations can mitigate climate impacts and promote agricultural sustainability in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yohanes Kamakaula, Obadja Andris Fenetiruma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Biodiversity-based Land Management Strategies for Food Security in Suburban Areas
This study examines biodiversity-based land management strategies as a sustainable solution to urban food security challenges in Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach and the Penta Helix model, data from five informants representing academia, government, private sector, community, and media were analyzed. Findings highlight the significant contributions of each stakeholder in promoting biodiversity, from academic research and innovative policies to community-driven urban farming initiatives and media advocacy. Synergies among stakeholders were evident, but challenges such as resource constraints, policy fragmentation, and cultural resistance persist. Case studies from local and global contexts underline the transformative potential of integrating biodiversity into urban planning. The study concludes that biodiversity-based strategies, supported by collaborative governance, are essential for achieving sustainable and food-secure urban environments in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Farida Arinie Soelistianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Machine Learning in Modern Software Development
The integration of machine learning (ML) into software applications is increasingly essential for enhancing functionality, decision-making, and performance in diverse fields. As industries strive to leverage intelligent systems, ML enables software to adapt dynamically, process large datasets efficiently, and deliver insights with minimal human intervention. This paper investigates the methodology of incorporating machine learning models into software systems, focusing on model selection, training, optimization, and real-time deployment. We present case studies on fraud detection systems and embedded applications, highlighting challenges, optimization techniques, and the role of continuous learning in maintaining model accuracy. Furthermore, the importance of explainable machine learning models for fostering user trust and understanding is emphasized. With the advent of technologies like Machine language operations and federated learning, ML is becoming more accessible and scalable, even in resource-constrained environments. This paper concludes with discussions on the advantages and limitations of ML integration and future directions in enhancing model performance, scalability, and privacy-preserving capabilities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mustafa Eisa Misri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
In Silico Design of Multiplex PCR Primers for the Detection of Foodborne Pathogens in Fermented Shrimp Paste (Terasi) from Lombok Island: In Silico PCR and Primer Verification
Fermented shrimp paste (terasi) is a traditional food product produced by micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Lombok Island, Indonesia. Due to its fermentation and handling processes, terasi is susceptible to contamination by foodborne pathogens. The Indonesian Food and Drug Authority has identified specific bacterial pathogens that pose a risk of contamination in shrimp paste, necessitating accurate and efficient detection methods. Molecular detection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is known for its high specificity and sensitivity, as well as its rapid processing time and cost-effectiveness. However, conventional PCR can only detect a single target pathogen in one reaction, limiting its efficiency in screening multiple contaminants simultaneously. This study aims to design and optimize Multiplex PCR primers for detecting multiple foodborne pathogens in terasi through an in-silico approach, followed by In Silico PCR verification to assess primer specificity and efficiency. Target pathogens include Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio cholerae. DNA target sequences were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, and primer design was conducted using Primer3Plus software. The designed primer sets were validated using Primer-BLAST (NCBI), and in-silico PCR was performed to verify amplification efficiency and specificity. The designed primer set has been successfully obtained and evaluated using In Silico PCR and Primer-BLAST (NCBI), confirming its specificity to the target genes. These results demonstrate that the primers can be effectively used as a molecular detection tool for foodborne pathogens. The optimized conditions and validated primer set are expected to contribute to molecular-based food safety detection methods, particularly for Indonesian fermented food products.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lalu Unsunnidhal, Firman Fajar Perdhana, Mutia Devi Ariyana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Utilizing AI and Satellite Technology to Measure the Effectiveness of Carbon Trading in East Java Protected Forests
This study investigates the effectiveness of utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for measuring the impact of carbon trading initiatives on East Java's protected forests. The research integrates satellite imagery, AI-driven land-use classification, and carbon stock analysis to evaluate the environmental, economic, and social outcomes of these programs. Key findings indicate a significant reduction in deforestation and an increase in carbon sequestration, driven by targeted reforestation efforts and financial incentives from carbon trading. Socioeconomic benefits, including enhanced community livelihoods and reduced reliance on unsustainable practices, further underscore the program's success. However, challenges such as leakage effects and data inconsistencies highlight areas requiring improvement. The study concludes that advanced technologies, when effectively integrated, offer transformative potential for sustainable forest management and carbon trading efficacy in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Haryono Haryono, Arief Rahman, Rifki Fahrial Zainal, Bagus Teguh Santoso, Budi Endarto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Modeling Carbon Trade with Satellite Approach and AI Technology: A Sustainable Solution for REDD+ Scheme in Indonesia
The increasing urgency to mitigate climate change has intensified the need for effective carbon trading mechanisms, particularly under the REDD+ scheme. This study explores the potential of integrating satellite technology, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to develop a sustainable carbon trade model tailored to Indonesia’s unique environmental and policy landscape. The research focuses on deforestation hotspots in Kalimantan, Sumatra, and Papua, leveraging high-resolution satellite imagery and machine learning algorithms for precise carbon stock estimation. Results indicate significant deforestation trends, with an average annual loss of 1.2% of forest cover and 320 million metric tons of carbon over the past decade. AI-powered predictive models achieved 92% accuracy in identifying deforestation hotspots and estimating carbon stocks, underscoring their utility in enhancing Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) systems. Policy analysis highlights critical gaps in enforcement and community participation. This study proposes a scalable and transparent carbon trade model that aligns with REDD+ objectives, fostering equitable and sustainable climate solutions for Indonesia.
Community-Based Forest Management Strategy to Maintain Biodiversity in Papua
This study explores the Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) strategy as a means to maintain biodiversity in Papua, Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach, data were gathered through interviews with five key informants, including community leaders, local government officials, conservation NGO representatives, and researchers. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo software. The findings reveal that community participation, underpinned by indigenous practices, plays a critical role in forest conservation and biodiversity preservation. However, challenges such as limited resources, ambiguous land tenure systems, and external pressures hinder the effectiveness of these strategies. The integration of modern technology, such as GIS, was identified as a potential enhancer of CBFM outcomes, though capacity-building remains essential. This study underscores the importance of collaborative approaches, policy reforms, and capacity development in strengthening community-based conservation initiatives.
Copyright (c) 2025 Christian Soleman Imburi, Bambang Nugroho, Dominggas M.H. Renwarin, Rusdi Anggrianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Interaction between Ecosystem Complexity and Technological Evolution in Digital Supply Chains at Technology Companies in Indonesia
This study examines the interaction between ecosystem complexity and technological evolution in shaping the performance of digital supply chains at technology companies in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 115 respondents through a Likert scale-based questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 25. The findings reveal significant positive relationships between ecosystem complexity, technological evolution, and supply chain performance. Regression analysis highlights the critical role of ecosystem complexity in driving technological adoption, which in turn enhances supply chain efficiency and resilience. The interaction of these variables explains 62% of the variance in supply chain performance. The results underscore the importance of addressing ecosystem complexity through tailored technological solutions to maintain competitive advantage. This study provides practical implications for industry practitioners and policymakers, emphasizing the need for targeted investments in technology and infrastructure development to optimize supply chain operations in dynamic environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Moh Gifari Sono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Mycelium-Based Biomaterials in Eco-Friendly Packaging and Product Design
This study explores the role of mycelium-based biomaterials in promoting environmentally friendly packaging and product design in Indonesia. Using a qualitative methodology, data were gathered through interviews with three key informants: a material scientist, a packaging industry expert, and a sustainable design entrepreneur. Thematic analysis conducted with NVIVO software revealed four major findings: (1) the environmental benefits of mycelium, including biodegradability and low energy production requirements; (2) challenges such as scalability, high costs, and limited awareness; (3) diverse applications in packaging and product design, including luxury markets; and (4) the critical role of government policy and stakeholder collaboration in driving adoption. These findings highlight the potential of mycelium-based biomaterials to contribute to Indonesia's sustainability goals by reducing plastic waste and fostering innovative eco-friendly solutions. However, addressing scalability and cost issues requires policy interventions and cross-sector collaboration.
Copyright (c) 2025 Farida Arinie Soelistianto, Andi Haslinah, Rissa Megavitry https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Genetic Engineering for Disease Resistant Crops: Sustainable Solutions for Agricultural Pathogens in Indonesia
Genetic engineering presents a transformative solution for addressing agricultural pathogens, offering disease-resistant crops that enhance productivity and sustainability. This study explores the potential of genetic engineering as a tool for combating agricultural challenges in Indonesia, employing a qualitative analysis of data collected from five key informants, including agricultural scientists, policymakers, and practitioners. Thematic analysis using NVIVO software revealed four primary themes: the benefits of genetic engineering, challenges in adoption, socio-economic impacts, and environmental considerations. Findings highlight the promise of reduced crop losses, improved food security, and decreased pesticide use while identifying barriers such as regulatory hurdles, public skepticism, and high costs. Recommendations emphasize policy reforms, public education, and equitable access to genetically engineered seeds. This study underscores the critical role of genetic engineering in achieving sustainable agriculture in Indonesia.
Blockchain for Secure and Transparent SAP Transactions in Financial Institutions in Indonesia
The integration of blockchain technology into SAP transactions holds significant potential to enhance security and transparency within financial institutions in Indonesia. This study employs a qualitative approach, using interviews with six key informants, to explore the challenges, benefits, and practical implications of this technological innovation. Findings reveal that blockchain’s decentralized, immutable, and encrypted architecture addresses critical security concerns, while its transparent ledger fosters accountability and trust among stakeholders. However, challenges such as high implementation costs, technological complexity, and regulatory uncertainty pose significant barriers to adoption. Practical recommendations include phased deployment, collaborative partnerships, and proactive regulatory engagement. This research underscores blockchain's transformative potential for Indonesia’s financial sector, offering a pathway to robust, secure, and transparent financial operations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Christine Riani Elisabeth https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
AI-Powered Service Quality Management for Next-Generation Industrial IoT in Indonesia
This study explores the integration of AI-powered service quality management in next-generation Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) environments in Indonesia using a qualitative research approach. Drawing insights from five informants across diverse industries, the study investigates perceptions, challenges, organizational readiness, and the impact of AI technologies. Findings reveal that AI significantly enhances service quality through real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and automation, leading to improved operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. However, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, skill gaps, and data privacy concerns hinder widespread adoption, especially for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The study emphasizes the importance of digital infrastructure development, workforce upskilling, and robust data security frameworks to fully realize the benefits of AI in IIoT environments. These findings contribute valuable insights for policymakers, industry practitioners, and researchers, providing a foundation for addressing contextual challenges and optimizing AI-driven service quality management in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Jadiaman Parhusip, Moh Gifari Sono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bibliometric Analysis of Integrated Pest Management in Sustainable Agriculture
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has emerged as a sustainable alternative to conventional pest control methods, emphasizing the integration of biological, cultural, mechanical, and chemical approaches. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of IPM research using data exclusively from the Scopus database and analyzed through VOSviewer. The findings reveal a significant increase in IPM-related publications over the past two decades, indicating growing global interest in sustainable pest management. Key research themes identified include pesticide reduction, biological control, policy frameworks, and technological advancements such as artificial intelligence for pest monitoring. The study also highlights the dominance of developed countries, particularly the United States, United Kingdom, and China, in IPM research, while collaboration between developed and developing nations remains limited. Major challenges to IPM adoption include economic constraints, lack of technical knowledge, and regulatory barriers. Future research should focus on enhancing global collaboration, improving accessibility to biopesticides and digital technologies, and strengthening farmer education and policy support. This study provides valuable insights into the evolution of IPM research and its role in promoting sustainable agriculture.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Sutiharni Sutiharni, Rusdi Angrianto , Nandini Ayuningtias, Nurlailah Nurlailah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bibliometric Analysis of Electric Vehicle Adoption and Market Trends
The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has emerged as a crucial solution to reduce carbon emissions and enhance sustainable transportation. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis to examine research trends, influential authors, and thematic developments in EV adoption and market trends. Using Scopus as the data source and VOSviewer for analysis, this study identifies key research clusters, including consumer behavior, charging infrastructure, environmental impact, and technological advancements. The findings reveal a significant increase in EV-related research, particularly in recent years, with the United States, China, and India leading contributions. Keyword analysis highlights critical themes such as government policies, battery technology, and vehicle-to-grid integration. Despite progress, challenges such as high upfront costs, limited charging infrastructure, and regional disparities persist. The study suggests future research directions focusing on battery sustainability, AI-driven mobility solutions, and smart grid integration. This bibliometric analysis provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders, contributing to the advancement of electric mobility research.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Hildawati Hildawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integration of Traditional Agricultural Systems with the Concept of Sustainable Agriculture: Opportunities and Challenges
Traditional agriculture has long been an integral part of agrarian systems in various regions, yet global challenges such as climate change and urbanization demand more sustainable approaches. This study aims to explore the opportunities and challenges of integrating traditional agricultural systems with sustainable agriculture concepts through a literature review method. The findings reveal that traditional practices, such as crop rotation and organic fertilization, align with sustainability principles. However, there is a need to enhance efficiency through the application of modern technologies such as precision irrigation and integrated pest management. This integration faces significant challenges, including farmers' limited access to technology and a lack of supportive policies. The study highlights the importance of contextual approaches, farmer training, and cross-sector collaboration to optimize the potential of this integration. Thus, the findings provide relevant insights for developing sustainable agricultural policies and practices in Indonesia and other countries.
Copyright (c) 2024 Yohanes Kamakaula, Yunita Palinggi, Trees A. Pattiasina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0