Economic Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities from the Perspective of Fiqh Muamalah: An Analysis of Maqashid Hifzh al-Mal in the Development of Agribusiness MSMEs

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between Fiqh Muamalah principles, Maqashid hifzh al-mal, and the economic inclusion of people with disabilities in agribusiness Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. A quantitative explanatory approach with a cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 55 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires with a five-point Likert scale and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, validity and reliability testing, regression diagnostics, and multiple linear regression. The findings reveal that Fiqh Muamalah has a positive and statistically significant relationship with economic inclusion (β = 0.398, p = 0.003), while hifzh al-mal also demonstrates a significant positive relationship (β = 0.303, p = 0.021). Simultaneously, both variables exhibit a statistically significant relationship with economic inclusion (F = 15.443, p < 0.001), explaining 37.3% of its observed variation (R² = 0.373). Descriptive findings indicate moderate implementation of Fiqh Muamalah, wealth-protection principles, and economic inclusion, with financial sustainability representing a particular area requiring improvement. The study concludes that Islamic commercial ethics and wealth-protection principles provide complementary frameworks for strengthening disability-inclusive entrepreneurship. These findings contribute to Islamic economic literature by integrating Fiqh Muamalah and Maqashid hifzh al-mal into an empirical framework for evaluating economic inclusion and offer practical implications for developing equitable financing mechanisms, accessible entrepreneurial support, and sustainable agribusiness opportunities for people with disabilities.