West Science Journal Economic and Entrepreneurship
Journal of Economics and Entrepreneurship published since 2023 by Westscience Press. Editors receive scientific articles from research results, surveys, and literature reviews closely related to the Economics and Entrepreneurship sectors. WSJEE is a peer-reviewed and open-access scientific magazine. Manuscripts of articles are published after going through a thorough peer-review process. Journal publications are managed by Westscience Press as the publisher.
Trends and Evolution of Neuromarketing Research in Understanding Consumer Behavior: A Bibliometric Analysis
Neuromarketing has grown into a prominent interdisciplinary field that bridges neuroscience, psychology, and marketing to understand consumer cognition and emotion beyond self-reported measures. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis using Scopus-indexed publications to examine the intellectual structure, thematic evolution, and global development of neuromarketing research. Using VOSviewer, five visualizations—network, overlay, density, author, and country maps—were generated to identify influential works, core research clusters, collaboration patterns, and emerging trends. Highly cited publications such form the conceptual and methodological foundation of the field, while newer studies emphasize neuroimaging advancements, EEG analytics, emotional processing, and ethical implications. Keyword clustering reveals four major themes: neuroimaging methods, consumer decision-making, marketing applications, and ethical considerations. Collaboration analyses indicate strong activity in Europe, the U.S., and China, though geographic disparities persist. Overall, the findings demonstrate that neuromarketing has evolved from conceptual debate toward advanced, technology-driven applications, while ethical issues remain central to its future trajectory. This study contributes a systematic mapping of neuromarketing’s development and highlights opportunities for expanded global collaboration, methodological integration, and responsible innovation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Frans Sudirjo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems in the Post-Pandemic Era: A Bibliometric Mapping of Innovation, Start-ups and Policy Research
This study⁠ performs a thorough bib​lio‍met‍r‍ic an‍al⁠ysi‍s to inv‌est​igate the progressio‍n of​ entreprene​urial ecosy⁠stem research in th‌e post-pand‌emic period. T‍he study use the Scopus dat​abase alongside vis⁠ualization tools like V​OSviewer and Bibliometrix‌ to delineate publis‍hing trends,​ keyword co-occurrence, author netw​orks, institu‌tional collaborations, an​d international li⁠nks. The results indi​c‌ate that entrepreneur⁠ship, start-ups, innova‌tion ecosystems,‍ and technolog⁠y transfer are major subject are‍a⁠s⁠, but rising themes encompass digital entrepr‌eneurship​, s​ustainability, artificia​l in‌te​lligence​, and the circul‌ar economy. Overlay​ and density visualizatio​ns demonstrate a temporal tr​ansition from crisis-‌dri​ven research in 20⁠20​ to innovation​-oriented and s⁠u‍stainability-f⁠ocused subjects in 2021–2022.⁠ Networks of authors an‍d affiliatio‍ns underscore‌ signi​ficant con​tributi‌ons from Audretsch, Stam, Mason, and⁠ promine‍nt i​ns⁠titutions in the United Kingdo​m, Ge‌rmany, India, an​d Ital‌y. The research‌ advances the theo‍retical fram⁠ework of entrepre‌neu⁠ri‌al e⁠cosys⁠tems and provides practical guidance for policy​makers and pra⁠cti‍tione​r⁠s. Constraints encompass dependence on a singu​la​r databa⁠se and the progressi⁠on of⁠ post‍-pand‌emic literature.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bibliometric Mapping of Halal Marketing Research: Global Insights and Future Agenda
Thi‌s study performs a thorough bibli‍ometric anal⁠ysis o⁠f halal m⁠arketing research to delineate its concept‌ual framework‌, them​atic pr‍ogres‍sion, and coll‍ab​or⁠ative dynamics. The study utilizes data obtained​ from⁠ Scopus‌, examined by VOSviewer and Bib⁠liometrix, to ident​ify predominant research clusters, influe⁠ntial authors,⁠ leading​ ins​titutions, an‍d sign‍ificant contributing c⁠oun⁠tries. The findings indicate that h⁠alal marketing scholar​shi‍p focu‍ses on themes suc‍h halal food, Islamic marketing, consumer behavior, and ha⁠lal tourism, whereas developing research area‍s e‍ncompass halal logistics, supply‍ cha‌i‌n int​e​grity‌, halal‍ cosmetics, and halal awa‍ren​ess. C‌o‌-​a⁠ut‍hor⁠ship and in‍stitutional networks demonstra​t‌e significant geo‌graphi‍cal concentration in Sou⁠theast Asia, with Malaysia​ and‍ Indones⁠ia ac⁠t‍ing as principal re‌search centers. Th⁠e patterns of collabora‍ti⁠on across co​untries under⁠score the⁠ escalat‌ing participa‌tion of non-Mus‍lim nations,​ ind​icating a risi‍ng worl⁠dwid‍e interest in halal markets. This study enhances comprehensio​n of halal ma⁠rke‌ting as a comple‍x‌ a⁠nd dynamic domain, pr‍oviding a basis fo‌r future research, espe‌cia⁠lly in cross-regional gov⁠ernance, dig‌ital c‌h‌ange, a​nd non-Muslim customer viewpoints.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Refiana Yuliawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bibliometric Mapping of Consumer Behavior Studies in the Digital Era
This s⁠tudy does‌ a bi⁠b‌liometric analysis o​f consumer behavior res‌ea‍rch in the digital age‍ t⁠o elucidate it⁠s intellectual framework, thematic‌ f⁠oca​l points, and pat‌terns of glo‍bal collabora​tion. T⁠he analysis emplo‌ys data sour​ced from prominent bi⁠bl‍iographic databases‍, utilizing perfo​rmance metrics, co-author‌ship​ a‌nd co-citation networks, as well as keyword co-‌occurrence mappi⁠ng through VOSviewer⁠ and the‌ Bibliomet‍ric R package. The findings indi‌cate t‌hat "consumer behavior" constitutes the central focus of the discipli​ne, encircled by si⁠gnifica‍nt⁠ themes⁠ including social‌ media,‌ digita⁠l plat​form⁠s, artificial i⁠ntelli‍ge​nc⁠e, big da‌ta, purchase i​ntention, and da⁠ta p‌riva‌cy. M‌aps of countr⁠ies and a⁠ff​iliations underscore⁠ the‌ crucial​ role​s of Indi‌a, China, the United States, Indonesia​, and Malaysia in g⁠enerating research output, as well‍ as rob​ust regio​nal a‌nd worldwide collaborative netw‌orks. Th‌e st⁠ud⁠y pr​ovides practical as​sistance f‌or managers⁠, politicians, and academic⁠ institutions, w​h‍ile also maki⁠ng a theoretica⁠l contribution by defining di⁠gital cons⁠umer behavior as an​ i‍nterdisciplinary field th‍at encompasses ma‌r​keting, information syste​m⁠s, da‌ta scie​nce, and so‍c⁠ial psychology. Recognized​ are the constraints pertaining to da‍tabase co​verag‍e, la‍ng‍uage sele⁠ction, a‌nd keywor‌d reliance,‍ alo‌n⁠g with recommendations for future study o‍n developin‌g technologies​ and consumer⁠ welfare.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Achmad Syaefuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bibliometric Review of Entrepreneurial Finance in Emerging Economies
This study performs a bibliometric analysis of rese⁠arch concerning entrepreneurial finance within the framework of sustainable development in eme⁠rging ec⁠onomies. The project utilizes papers indexed in prominent databases, examined by VOSviewer and Bibliometrix,⁠ to map keyword co-occurrence, authorship networks, institutional affiliations,⁠ and international collaborations. The findings indicate that sustainable development serves as the primary thematic foca⁠l⁠ point, intricately associated with eco⁠nomic growth, financial systems, m⁠icrof⁠inance, financial literacy, and green-⁠transition subjects, including renewable energy and the green economy. Overlay and density visualizations indicate a temporal transition from initial focuses on poverty alleviation and financ⁠ial inclusion to contemporary priorities for sustainable fina⁠nce and environmental goals. Col⁠laborat⁠ion m⁠aps reveal that a select group of writers, institutions, and nations—specifically China, India, Pakistan, the United Kingd⁠om, and South Africa⁠—serve as⁠ central figures in global knowledge p⁠roduction, while peri⁠phery countr⁠ies are increasingly getting integrated. The r⁠eview identifies conceptual and geographic deficiencies and proposes future research avenues that connect entrepreneurial financing mecha⁠nisms⁠, instituti⁠onal contexts, and sustainable development results in se⁠veral emerging-economy environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Untung Untung https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bibliometric Analysis of Financial Inclusion Research in the Context of Sustainable Economy
This study does a bibliometric analysis of financial inclusion research within the framework of a sustainable economy, utilizing papers indexed in a prominent scientific database from 2000 to 2025. The study utilizes performance analysis and scientific mapping methodologies through VOSviewer and Bibliometrix to investigate publication patterns, prominent authors, institutions, countries, and networks of keyword co-occurrence. The findings indicate that financial inclusion and sustainable development form the primary conceptual core, intricately linked to economic growth, financial development, and sustainability. Contemporary research is mostly focused on digital issues, including fintech, digital financial inclusion, and decentralized finance, which progressively associate inclusive finance with environmental performance, green innovation, and the reduction of carbon emissions. Networks of international collaboration indicate that emerging economies, notably China, India, Pakistan, and South Africa, assume a prominent role, but such collaboration is predominantly localized rather than entirely global. The study elucidates the structure and history of this interdisciplinary domain, identifies significant research clusters and deficiencies, and delineates avenues for further exploration of inclusive and sustainable financial systems.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Usup Usup https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Scientometric Mapping of Creative Economy Research in Southeast Asia
This study looks at research on the creative economy in Southeast Asia using data from scientific publications. We got data from Scopus (2000–2024) and used VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, and CiteSpace to look at things like who's publishing, what keywords are used together, who's working with who, and what institutions and countries are linked. The results show that the main ideas in this field are the creative economy itself, sustainable development, innovation, and the people who work in creative fields. There are three main topics: (1) cultural industries, tourism, and how cities grow; (2) innovation, starting new businesses, and the knowledge economy; and (3) the circular economy, design, and the digital economy. Looking at how the research has changed over time, we see that it started with creative sectors and urban economies, and now it's focusing on sustainability and digital changes. The main places for collaboration are the United Kingdom, the United States, China, and Indonesia, with strong ties between institutions in Europe, Asia, and Russia. This study gives a detailed analysis of the ideas and global position of creative economy research, using data to back it up. It also points out that there are limitations because of the database used and that more qualitative research is needed.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Haryadi Haryadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Marketing Mix, Innovation, and Digital Branding on the Marketing Performance of MSMEs in Indonesia
This study investigates the influence of the marketing mix, innovation, and digital branding on the marketing performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 175 MSME owners and managers through a Likert-scale questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, including validity and reliability testing, classical assumption testing, and multiple linear regression analysis. The results reveal that the marketing mix, innovation, and digital branding each have a significant and positive effect on marketing performance, with digital branding showing the strongest influence. The three variables collectively explain 61.2% of the variation in marketing performance, indicating the importance of integrating strategic marketing activities, continuous innovation, and strong digital branding in enhancing MSME competitiveness. This study contributes to the understanding of digital-based marketing strategies and offers practical insights for MSMEs in strengthening their market presence in an increasingly digitalized business environment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sulistyo Budi Utomo, Ruri Widuri, Iti Septi, Annuridya Rosyidta Pratiwi Octasylva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of E-WOM and Influencer Marketing on Generation Z's Purchasing Decisions
This study examines the influence of Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM) and influencer marketing on Generation Z’s purchasing decisions in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 150 respondents through an online questionnaire employing a five-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, including validity testing, reliability testing, descriptive analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The findings indicate that both E-WOM and influencer marketing have significant positive effects on purchasing decisions, with influencer marketing showing a stronger predictive influence. E-WOM enhances decision-making by providing credible peer-generated information, while influencer marketing exerts a powerful persuasive effect through credibility, relatability, and attractive content. The results emphasize the importance of digital engagement and social media-based strategies in influencing Generation Z’s consumer behavior. This study contributes to the growing literature on digital marketing effectiveness in emerging markets and provides practical insights for brands seeking to optimize engagement with young consumers in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Frans Sudirjo, Heri Setiyawan, Lina Affifatusholihah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Overview of the Development of International Trade Community Welfare in Mataram City (review of poverty levels 2020-2024)
This study analyzes the relationship between international trade and societal welfare in the Province of Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB), focusing on poverty levels during the period 2020–2024. Utilizing secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and a descriptive quantitative approach, the research describes the trends in exports, imports, and poverty rates, and evaluates their descriptive interrelations. The results indicate that although exports increased significantly—mainly driven by mining commodities—the decline in poverty was largely driven by post-pandemic recovery in local labor-intensive sectors rather than merely increased exports. Therefore, international trade contributes to NTB’s economic growth, but its impact on poverty reduction is limited and indirect. The study recommends economic diversification, strengthening labor-intensive sectors, and empowering the poor to ensure a more equitable distribution of trade benefits.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tiska Asri Indah, Eka Agustiani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Human Capital, Social Capital, and Financial Capital on Micro Business Growth in Indonesia
This study examines the influence of human capital, social capital, and financial capital on micro business growth in Indonesia using a quantitative approach. Data were collected from 135 micro entrepreneurs through a structured questionnaire measured on a five-point Likert scale. Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS 3) was employed to test the measurement and structural models. The results show that all three forms of capital significantly affect micro business growth. Human capital demonstrates a strong positive effect, indicating that managerial skills, knowledge, and entrepreneurial experience play a vital role in business expansion. Social capital emerges as the most influential predictor, highlighting the importance of networks, trust-based relationships, community support, and information sharing in enhancing micro business performance. Financial capital also contributes positively, though its impact is smaller compared with human and social capital, suggesting that access to funds becomes effective only when supported by strong competencies and social networks. The model explains 56.3% of the variance in micro business growth and exhibits strong predictive relevance. These findings underscore the multidimensional nature of microenterprise development in Indonesia and provide insights for policymakers, practitioners, and development agencies seeking to strengthen entrepreneurship ecosystems through capacity-building, network enhancement, and financial inclusion mechanisms.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zeanette T. Lisbet, Budi Nugroho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Mindset on Students' Entrepreneurial Intentions with Self-Efficacy as an Intervening Variable
This study examines the influence of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial mindset on students’ entrepreneurial intentions in Indonesia, with self-efficacy acting as a mediating variable. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 135 university students through a structured questionnaire measured with a Likert scale. Structural Equation Modeling using PLS-SEM 3 was employed to assess both the measurement and structural models. The results indicate that entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial mindset each have a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Self-efficacy also shows a strong direct influence on entrepreneurial intentions and mediates the relationship between both entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial mindset with entrepreneurial intentions. These findings highlight the essential role of higher education institutions in developing not only entrepreneurial knowledge but also mindset and confidence among students. This study contributes to the growing literature on entrepreneurial behavior in emerging economies and provides practical insights for policymakers and educators to design more comprehensive entrepreneurship programs that strengthen self-efficacy as a pathway to enhance students’ entrepreneurial intentions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Faridah Faridah, Mohammad Ghofur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sustainable Business Models for Social Entrepreneurs in Indonesia
This study explores sustainable business models for social entrepreneurs in Indonesia, focusing on five entrepreneurs who have successfully created businesses that balance social impact with financial sustainability. Using qualitative analysis through semi-structured interviews, the study examines the strategies, challenges, and opportunities that these social entrepreneurs face in achieving both their social and economic goals. The findings reveal that hybrid business models, strategic partnerships, and innovative approaches, such as technological integration and diversified revenue streams, are key to their sustainability. However, challenges such as limited access to funding, regulatory barriers, and the tension between social missions and financial demands persist. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and aspiring social entrepreneurs seeking to build sustainable social enterprises in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Arjang Arjang, Taufik Harahap https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Business Incubators in Enhancing Startup Competitiveness
This study investigates the role of business incubators in enhancing the competitiveness of startups in Indonesia. Utilizing a qualitative research approach, data were collected through interviews with five key informants, including incubator managers and startup founders. The findings reveal that business incubators play a crucial role in providing mentorship, funding, networking, and business development services, which significantly contribute to the growth and competitiveness of startups. However, incubators face challenges such as limited funding, regulatory barriers, and lack of global connectivity. Despite these challenges, incubators help foster innovation, expand market reach, and ensure sustainability for startups. The study concludes that while business incubators provide essential support, improvements in global networking, post-incubation follow-up, and regulatory advocacy are necessary to further enhance their effectiveness in the Indonesian startup ecosystem.
Copyright (c) 2025 Riani Ishak, Abdul Hadi Malik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Impact of Foreign Investment on Regional Economic Development in West Java
This study examines the impact of foreign investment on regional economic development in West Java, Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, data was collected from 125 respondents through a Likert scale questionnaire, with analysis performed using SPSS version 25. The study focuses on four key indicators of economic development: employment generation, income levels, business expansion, and infrastructure development. The results indicate that foreign investment has a significant positive effect on all these indicators, with the strongest impact observed on employment generation and infrastructure development. The findings suggest that foreign investment contributes to the overall economic growth of the region by creating jobs, improving income levels, expanding businesses, and enhancing infrastructure. However, challenges related to the equitable distribution of these benefits across different sectors and regions remain. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers aiming to maximize the benefits of foreign investment for sustainable regional development.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muh. Nur Nur, Titis Nistia Sari, Risna Amalia Hamzah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Entrepreneurship and Product Innovation Orientation as Determinants of Startup Success
This study investigates the impact of entrepreneurship orientation (EO) and product innovation orientation (PIO) on the success of startups in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 175 startups through a structured questionnaire with a Likert scale. The results, analyzed using SPSS version 25, show that both EO and PIO are positively correlated with startup success. Regression analysis reveals that both EO and PIO significantly predict startup success, with EO having a slightly stronger impact. The findings suggest that startups with a high level of entrepreneurship orientation, characterized by risk-taking, proactiveness, and competitive aggressiveness, tend to innovate more effectively, leading to greater success. This study provides valuable insights for entrepreneurs and policymakers in fostering an ecosystem that promotes entrepreneurial behaviors and innovation to enhance startup success in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zeanette T. Lisbet, Anton Susilo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Fiscal Policy in Supporting Sustainable Economic Growth
This paper explores the role of fiscal policy in promoting sustainable economic growth through a comprehensive literature review. With increasing global concerns regarding climate change, resource depletion, and inequality, governments are increasingly tasked with creating fiscal policies that balance economic growth with environmental protection and social equity. The study synthesizes key findings from various scholarly articles, focusing on fiscal tools such as green public investment, carbon taxation, and progressive taxation. These tools are evaluated for their effectiveness in driving sustainable economic development while supporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The literature suggests that while fiscal policy can be a powerful driver for sustainability, challenges such as short-term growth pressures, political constraints, and the need for global coordination must be addressed. The study provides recommendations for policymakers, including the need for long-term, consistent fiscal policies that prioritize green investments, social equity, and international cooperation to achieve a sustainable global economy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Mega Arum, Annuridya Rosyidta Pratiwi Octasylva, Eko Sudarmanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Business Strategies, Competition, and Regulation in Enhancing MSME Sustainability in East Java
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are central to Indonesia’s economy, contributing more than 60% of GDP and employing the majority of the workforce. In East Java, MSMEs account for nearly 59% of regional GDP, underscoring their critical role in inclusive growth. Despite this importance, MSMEs face persistent challenges, including limited access to credit, low digital adoption, weak innovation, and vulnerability to competition. While prior studies have explored these factors separately, few have developed an integrative framework linking business strategies, competition, and regulation to sustainability. This study examines the effects of seven strategic dimensions, credit facilities, digital marketing, innovation, pricing, distribution, circular economy, and inclusive partnerships, on MSME sustainability. Business competition is tested as a mediating variable and regulation by the Indonesian Competition Commission (KPPU) as a moderating variable. Data were collected from 396 MSMEs across handicrafts, food and beverage, and service sectors, and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Results show that digital marketing, innovation, pricing, distribution, and inclusive partnerships significantly enhance sustainability, while credit facilities and circular economy practices have limited direct impact. Competition mediates the effects of strategies on sustainability, and regulation strengthens both strategic and competitive impacts. The study contributes theoretically by integrating Resource-Based View, Competitive Advantage, Institutional Theory, and Circular Economy perspectives into a holistic model, and provides practical insights for policymakers and MSME actors seeking to enhance resilience and long-term sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ariefah Sundari, Armanu Armanu, Meithiana Indrasari, Sukesi Sukesi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Trends and Evolution of Neuromarketing research in understanding consumer behavior: A Bibliometric Analysis
This stu⁠dy performs a bib‍liometric analys​is to delineate the‌ patterns and progress of⁠ ne‌uromar‍keting research from 2000 to 20​23. The st​udy finds signif⁠icant themes, includ‌i⁠n‍g "consumer behavio⁠r," "neurom‍arketing,"‍ an​d t‍he integr‍at‌ion of emerging‍ tec⁠hnologies such as artificial intelligence‍ and machi‌ne lea⁠rning‍, through the ana‍lysis of papers‍ indexed in Scopus. The re⁠sults in‍d​ic‌ate robust i‍nt⁠e‌rn‍ational cooperation, especially among n‍ations s‍u‌ch as t⁠he United States, I⁠nd‍ia, and Spain. The research under‌sc⁠ores t‌he transi‍tion fro⁠m c​onventional me‌thods to sophisti⁠c⁠ated neuroimag​in​g te‌c‌h​niques an‌d accentuates th⁠e incr​easing significance o‌f techno‍l‍og‌y in comprehend‍ing consu​mer be‌havior. The ana⁠lysis​ offers sig⁠nif‍icant​ insights in⁠to⁠ t‍he field's evolution; h⁠owever, its​ r‌each is con​fined to Scopus-in⁠dexed articles. F⁠uture research could broaden t​his scope by inc​orp​orating industry​-focused studies or qualitative co⁠ntent anal‍yses. The res‍ults pro⁠vide actionab‍le‌ insights for marketer‍s and researchers seeking to implement ne​uromarketin‍g methods to enhance marketi‌ng efforts.
The Role of Performance Appraisal, Work Motivation, and Training Effectiveness on the Productivity of Sales Personnel in FMCG Companies
This study investigates the role of performance appraisal, work motivation, and training effectiveness in enhancing the productivity of sales personnel in Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) companies in Indonesia. A quantitative approach was adopted, using a structured questionnaire to collect data from 305 sales personnel across various FMCG companies. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that all three factors—performance appraisal, work motivation, and training effectiveness—positively influence the productivity of sales personnel. Among these, work motivation showed the strongest impact, followed by performance appraisal and training effectiveness. The results highlight the critical importance of integrating these factors into human resource management practices to improve sales performance. This study provides valuable insights for FMCG companies seeking to enhance the productivity of their sales teams through targeted performance management, motivational strategies, and training programs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Titin Endrawati, Nawiyah Nawiyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tax Mapping Based on Klassen Typology: A Case Study of Central Lombok
This research aims to analyze the potential for regional tax revenue in increasing Regional Original Income (PAD) in Central Lombok Regency in 2017-2023. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The data analysis technique in this research is analysis of regional tax revenue reports using the Klassen Typology method. The results of the research show that using the Klassen Typology method, the types of taxes included in the Prime/Excellent sector are taxes, namely hotel tax, restaurant tax, advertising tax, street lighting tax, parking tax, rural and urban land and building tax and title acquisition tax. on Soil and Rocks. The type of tax included in the Potential sector is Non-Metal Mineral and Rock tax. The types of taxes included in the Developing sector are entertainment tax and ground water tax. Then the type of tax that is included in the Underdeveloped sector is the Swallow's Nest Tax.
Copyright (c) 2025 Eka Agustiani, Endang Astuti, Vina Aprianti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Assessing the Contribution of Sustainable Agriculture, Rural Infrastructure, and Cooperative Development to Livelihood Improvement in Rural Indonesia
This study investigates the contribution of sustainable agriculture, rural infrastructure, and cooperative development to livelihood improvement in rural Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 255 rural respondents through a structured questionnaire measured on a five-point Likert scale. The analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS 3). The descriptive findings indicate that all three constructs scored relatively high, with sustainable agriculture averaging 3.92, rural infrastructure 3.85, cooperative development 3.88, and livelihood improvement 3.95. Measurement model results confirm the reliability and validity of the instruments, with Cronbach’s alpha values exceeding 0.80, composite reliability above 0.85, and average variance extracted (AVE) surpassing the 0.50 threshold. Structural model results reveal that sustainable agriculture (β = 0.34, p < 0.01), rural infrastructure (β = 0.28, p < 0.05), and cooperative development (β = 0.26, p < 0.05) all significantly contribute to livelihood improvement. Among these, sustainable agriculture demonstrates the strongest effect, suggesting its critical role in ensuring food security, environmental sustainability, and economic resilience in rural communities. These findings highlight the importance of integrating sustainable farming practices, infrastructure expansion, and cooperative institutions as a comprehensive policy framework for rural development in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Haryono Haryono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Government Policy, Technology Adoption, and Rural Entrepreneurship in Enhancing Economic Development in Villages in Indonesia
This study examines the roles of government policy, technology adoption, and rural entrepreneurship in enhancing economic development in Indonesian villages. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 200 respondents through a structured questionnaire employing a 5-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS 3) to test the hypothesized relationships. Results indicate that government policy significantly influences technology adoption, rural entrepreneurship, and economic development. Technology adoption positively affects both rural entrepreneurship and economic development, while rural entrepreneurship strongly drives economic development and partially mediates the effect of technology adoption on economic outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of integrated interventions that combine supportive policies, technological empowerment, and entrepreneurial initiatives to foster sustainable rural growth. The study provides practical insights for policymakers, development practitioners, and village leaders aiming to enhance the socio-economic well-being of rural communities.
Implementation of Maqashid Syariah Principles in Islamic Microfinance Practices in Indonesia
This study examines the implementation of Maqashid Syariah principles in Islamic microfinance practices in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 64 respondents through a structured questionnaire measured on a 5-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, applying descriptive statistics, validity and reliability tests, correlation, and regression analysis. The findings indicate that Islamic microfinance institutions (IMFIs) in Indonesia generally demonstrate a high level of alignment with Maqashid Syariah principles, particularly in the preservation of wealth (mal) and life (nafs). Regression analysis revealed that these two dimensions are the most influential in shaping microfinance practices, while intellect (‘aql) was found to be relatively less emphasized. The results highlight that IMFIs not only provide Sharia-compliant financial services but also contribute significantly to social welfare, poverty alleviation, and ethical financial inclusion. However, the study suggests that greater efforts are needed to strengthen educational and literacy initiatives to enhance clients’ long-term empowerment. Overall, the findings reinforce the role of IMFIs as vital institutions that integrate economic, social, and spiritual objectives in line with the vision of Islamic economics.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhamad Ammar Muhtadi, Muhammad Nailul Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Impact of Working Capital Management, Capital Structure, and Financial Planning on Micro Business Profitability in MSMEs Receiving the KUR Program in Surabaya City
This study investigates the impact of working capital management, capital structure, and financial planning on the profitability of micro businesses participating in the Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) program in Surabaya City. Using a quantitative explanatory research design, data were collected from 160 micro business owners who met the criteria of active KUR recipients for at least one year. The research employed Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to test the proposed hypotheses. The results show that capital structure has the strongest positive and significant effect on micro business profitability, followed by working capital management and financial planning. Furthermore, the findings reveal that these financial management practices are interrelated, with each construct contributing uniquely to profitability improvement. The study underscores the importance of integrated financial strategies for micro entrepreneurs to enhance operational efficiency, optimize resource allocation, and maintain financial stability. These insights provide valuable implications for policymakers, financial institutions, and business practitioners in designing targeted interventions to strengthen the sustainability and competitiveness of micro enterprises in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tri Warcono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Building an Adaptive and Sustainable Human Resource Information System in the Digital Age
The digital age has redefined the role of Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS) from a traditional administrative tool to a strategic enabler of organizational success. This study presents a systematic literature review of 35 scholarly documents sourced from Google Scholar to examine how HRIS can be designed to be both adaptive and sustainable in the context of digital transformation. The findings highlight three core themes: adaptability, sustainability, and digital integration. Adaptability reflects HRIS responsiveness to dynamic business environments, workforce diversity, and crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability emphasizes the alignment of HRIS with environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles, ensuring ethical, inclusive, and long-term value creation. Digital integration illustrates the growing adoption of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, and blockchain to enhance HR efficiency and decision-making. The study concludes that the future of HRIS lies in balancing technological innovation with human-centered values to achieve agility, inclusivity, and resilience. It contributes to the discourse on digital HR transformation by mapping key themes, identifying research gaps, and offering practical and policy recommendations for organizations seeking to build adaptive and sustainable HRIS frameworks.
Human Resource Information System (HRIS)
Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Aulia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Realizing a Smart Supply Chain through the Triple-A Approach
The increasing volatility of global markets has intensified the need for supply chains that are both technologically advanced and strategically resilient. This study conducts a literature review of 40 scholarly documents sourced from Google Scholar to examine how the Triple-A approach—Agility, Adaptability, and Alignment—can be leveraged to realize a smart supply chain. The review synthesizes theoretical frameworks, empirical studies, and case-based evidence across multiple industries, highlighting the interplay between digital technologies and Triple-A capabilities. Findings reveal that agility enables rapid responsiveness through real-time analytics and flexible operations, adaptability ensures long-term competitiveness via structural flexibility and continuous innovation, and alignment harmonizes stakeholder objectives through transparent communication and shared metrics. The integrated application of these three dimensions enhances supply chain resilience, sustainability, innovation capacity, and customer satisfaction. However, persistent challenges include measurement difficulties, change management resistance, and data interoperability issues. The paper concludes that realizing a smart supply chain requires a balanced development of Triple-A capabilities, strong leadership commitment, and continuous technological integration.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hasiun Budi, Muhammad Nailul https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improving Supply Chain Resilience Through Fintech Technology in the Digital Age
This study investigates the impact of financial technology (fintech) adoption on supply chain resilience in the digital age. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 76 respondents representing various business sectors that have integrated fintech solutions into their supply chain operations. The research instrument employed a five-point Likert scale, and data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25. Supply chain resilience was measured through four dimensions: agility, visibility, flexibility, and risk mitigation. Validity and reliability tests confirmed the robustness of the measurement instruments. Descriptive analysis indicated high average scores for all variables, while regression analysis revealed that fintech adoption had a positive and significant effect on all four resilience dimensions, with the strongest effect observed on visibility. These findings highlight fintech’s strategic role in enhancing transparency, operational agility, adaptability, and proactive risk management. The study provides actionable insights for managers and policymakers to integrate fintech solutions as a core component of supply chain strategy, particularly in preparing for and responding to disruptions in a rapidly evolving digital environment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nika Sintesa, Wahyuni Sri Astutik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of Women Entrepreneurship Research in Global Perspective through Bibliometric Study
Women entrepreneurship has increasingly been recognized as a key driver of economic growth, social empowerment, and innovation on a global scale. Over the past decades, scholarly interest in this field has expanded significantly, exploring diverse themes from gender equality and socio-cultural barriers to technology adoption and entrepreneurial ecosystems. This study aims to map the intellectual structure, thematic evolution, and collaboration patterns of global women entrepreneurship research through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database without year restrictions, covering peer-reviewed articles, reviews, and conference papers. The dataset was analyzed using VOSviewer to perform performance analysis and science mapping, examining publication trends, prolific authors, leading countries, and keyword co-occurrence networks. The results reveal that economic development, gender equality, and empowerment are central, persistent themes, while emerging topics such as entrepreneurial ecosystem, social media, and motivation indicate a shift toward technology-enabled and ecosystem-based approaches. Collaboration networks highlight the dominance of countries like the United States, United Kingdom, and India, alongside growing contributions from developing economies. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of women entrepreneurship by consolidating fragmented literature and identifying future research opportunities, offering practical implications for policymakers and development agencies aiming to foster inclusive and sustainable entrepreneurship globally.
Scientometric Analysis of Global Financial Risk Management Based on VOSviewer
This study conducts a scientometric analysis of global financial risk management research to map its intellectual structure, thematic trends, and collaboration networks over the period 2000–2025. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database using a comprehensive search strategy and analyzed with VOSviewer to visualize co-authorship patterns, country collaborations, keyword co-occurrences, thematic clusters, and temporal developments. The results indicate that risk management, risk assessment, and financial markets remain the most influential and frequently studied topics, while emerging themes such as sustainability, decentralized finance, cryptocurrency, and supply chain resilience reflect the field’s adaptation to evolving technological, economic, and environmental challenges. Collaboration analysis highlights the dominance of countries such as China, the United Kingdom, and India, alongside increasing participation from emerging economies. The study offers practical implications for policymakers and financial practitioners to align strategies with current research priorities, and theoretical contributions by identifying conceptual linkages and emerging research fronts. Limitations include reliance on a single database and the inherent biases of citation-based analysis.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Apriyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0