Exploring Competitive Advantage Strategies of Women Fish Processors at Depok Beach Using Porter’s Five Forces Model

Abstract

The present research examines strategies to enhance the competitive advantage of women-managed fish processing enterprises in Depok Beach, Bantul, where female entrepreneurs play a vital role in the coastal economy but continue to face various structural constraints. Using Porter’s Five Forces model and a descriptive qualitative approach, the research reveals a moderate level of competition. The Threat of New Entrants is high due to low capital barriers and simple technology, resulting in product duplication. The Threat of Substitutes is also high, compounded by serious concerns over food safety which can shift consumer preferences. While the Bargaining Power of Suppliers and Buyers remains moderate to high due to volatile input prices and product homogeneity, Rivalry among Existing Competitors is low, mitigated by strong social cohesion and a collective pricing system. To ensure sustainability and enhance competitiveness, the study recommends strategies focused on strengthening product differentiation, ensuring rigorous quality standards especially in food safety, expanding digital marketing, and leveraging cooperative networks to stabilise supply chains and increase market power.