West Science Agro is a scientific journal dedicated to exploring, discussing, and publishing current research in agriculture, agribusiness and agronomy. The journal aims to be a forum for agricultural researchers, scientists, and practitioners to share the latest knowledge, findings, and thoughts to improve productivity, sustainability, and efficiency in the agricultural sector.
The Influence of Ethnoecological Values, Agricultural Biodiversity Management, and Socio-Cultural Adaptation on Sustainable Agricultural Performance in Eastern Indonesia
This study investigates the influence of Ethnoecological Values (EV), Agricultural Biodiversity Management (ABM), and Socio-Cultural Adaptation (SCA) on Sustainable Agricultural Performance (SAP) among smallholder farmers in Eastern Indonesia. Using a quantitative research design with 120 respondents, data were collected through structured questionnaires based on a five-point Likert scale and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS 3.0). The results reveal that ethnoecological values significantly enhance agricultural biodiversity management and socio-cultural adaptation, both of which, in turn, have positive and significant effects on sustainable agricultural performance. Agricultural biodiversity management and socio-cultural adaptation also serve as partial mediators, translating traditional ecological knowledge into practical sustainability outcomes. The model explains 69% of the variance in sustainable agricultural performance, indicating a strong explanatory power. These findings confirm that sustainability in Eastern Indonesia is culturally and ecologically embedded, arising from the synergistic interaction between traditional values, biodiversity stewardship, and adaptive social systems. The study contributes theoretically by integrating ethnoecology and socio-ecological systems frameworks into empirical sustainability models, and practically by recommending culturally grounded and biodiversity-based strategies for agricultural policy and community development.
Copyright (c) 2025 Trees A. Pattiasina, Darmawanto Uria, Yohanes Kamakaula, Agatha W. Widati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Education and Capacity Building in Sustainable Agricultural Transformation
This study investigates the role of education and capacity building in driving sustainable agricultural transformation in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 150 farmers through a structured questionnaire employing a five-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, including descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The findings reveal that both education and capacity-building programs have a significant and positive effect on the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. Education enhances farmers’ knowledge and awareness of sustainable techniques, while capacity building strengthens practical skills and problem-solving abilities. The results underscore the importance of integrating educational interventions with skill-development programs to promote environmentally friendly and productive farming practices. These insights provide guidance for policymakers and agricultural institutions aiming to foster sustainable transformation in Indonesia’s agricultural sector.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Management of Agricultural Waste as an Alternative Energy Source and Value-Added Product
The increasing volume of agricultural waste in Indonesia presents both environmental challenges and opportunities for economic development. This study explores the management of agricultural waste as an alternative energy source and as a basis for value-added products through a qualitative approach. Data were collected from five key informants, including farmers, entrepreneurs, and government officers involved in agricultural waste management. The findings reveal that agricultural waste can be effectively converted into bioenergy, organic fertilizers, animal feed, and eco-friendly products, contributing to environmental sustainability and local economic growth. Challenges identified include limited technical knowledge, inadequate infrastructure, regulatory gaps, and market access constraints. The study highlights the importance of technology adoption, stakeholder collaboration, and supportive policies to optimize agricultural waste utilization in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Eko Sutrisno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of the Agricultural Economy in Supporting Farmer Welfare and Regional Development
This study examines the role of agricultural economics in supporting farmer welfare and regional development in Indonesia using a quantitative approach. Data were collected from 85 farmers through a structured questionnaire measured on a 5-point Likert scale. The study focuses on three key variables: Agricultural Economics Support, Market Access, and Government Policy Support, and their influence on Farmer Welfare and Regional Development. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, including descriptive statistics, validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and multiple regression analysis. The results indicate that all three independent variables have a positive and significant effect on both farmer welfare and regional development. Agricultural Economics Support has the strongest influence, followed by Market Access and Government Policy Support. The study highlights the importance of integrated strategies combining economic support, market access improvement, and policy implementation to enhance farmer livelihoods and foster sustainable regional growth. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, agricultural institutions, and development practitioners in designing effective programs for rural development in Indonesia.
Analysis of Food Quality and Safety in the Agricultural Supply Chain: Consumer and Producer Perspectives
This study analyzes the perceptions of food quality and safety in the agricultural supply chain from both consumer and producer perspectives. A quantitative approach was employed, with data collected from 135 respondents using a structured questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. The analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25, including descriptive statistics, validity and reliability tests, t-tests, and correlation analysis. Results indicate that consumers prioritize freshness and nutritional value, whereas producers emphasize Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), regulatory compliance, and safety protocols. Moderate agreement was observed on traceability and packaging, highlighting areas for improvement. Correlation analysis confirmed that effective producer practices positively influence consumer satisfaction and perceived product quality. The findings underscore the need for enhanced communication, transparency, and collaboration across the supply chain to align producer actions with consumer expectations. This study contributes practical insights for stakeholders to improve food quality management and safety practices in agricultural supply chains.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putu Fajar Kartika Lestari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Community-Based Agrotourism as a Strategy for Local Economic Empowerment
Community-based agritourism has emerged as a promising strategy for local economic empowerment in rural Indonesia. This study explores how agritourism initiatives managed and implemented by local communities contribute to economic improvement, skill development, and social cohesion. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with five community informants, including a community leader, a local farmer, a homestay operator, a youth representative, and a woman entrepreneur. The findings reveal that agritourism activities provide diversified income opportunities, strengthen entrepreneurial skills, and foster collaboration among community members. Despite its potential, challenges such as limited market access, infrastructure constraints, and the need for ongoing training were identified. The study concludes that community-based agritourism effectively empowers local communities economically and socially, but sustained support from government, private sector, and educational institutions is necessary to maximize long-term benefits.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tirta Mulyadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Social Capital, Partnerships, and Digital Marketing on the Competitiveness of Local Agribusiness Products
This study examines the influence of social capital, partnerships, and digital marketing on the competitiveness of local agribusiness products in Indonesia. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected from 125 agribusiness actors through a structured questionnaire employing a 5-point Likert scale. The analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25, involving descriptive statistics, validity and reliability testing, classical assumption tests, and multiple linear regression analysis. The results reveal that all three independent variables—social capital, partnerships, and digital marketing—have a positive and significant effect on competitiveness. Social capital strengthens trust and collective cooperation, partnerships enhance access to resources and market networks, and digital marketing provides broader product visibility and consumer engagement. The regression model explains 61.1% of the variance in competitiveness, indicating that these factors collectively play a crucial role in shaping the performance and market position of local agribusiness products. The findings highlight the importance of collaboration and digital strategy adoption in building sustainable agribusiness competitiveness in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2025 Safruddin Safruddin, Putu Fajar Kartika Lestari, Khaifah Asgaf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategies for Developing MSME-Based Agroindustry to Increase the Added Value of Agricultural Products
This study examines the development strategy of MSME-based agroindustry to increase the added value of agricultural products in Indonesia using a qualitative analysis approach. Five MSME informants from different agroindustrial sectors were selected purposively to obtain in-depth insights into their experiences, challenges, and strategic needs. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that MSMEs face major constraints, including limited access to processing technology, inconsistent raw material quality, weak human resource capabilities, regulatory barriers, and restricted market access. Direct quotations from informants highlight these operational challenges and the pressing need for structured support. Despite these limitations, significant opportunities exist, such as growing consumer demand for healthy and natural products, expansion of digital marketplaces, and supportive government programs. The study proposes strategic priorities, including capacity building in production and marketing, improved access to appropriate technology, enhanced branding and digital marketing, institutional collaboration through cluster development, and strengthened innovation in product diversification. These strategies are expected to improve value addition, competitiveness, and the sustainability of MSME-based agroindustry. The study contributes practically and academically by providing grounded insights for policymakers, development agencies, and MSME actors in strengthening agroindustry development in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Safruddin Safruddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Contribution of Forest Carbon Trading to Indonesia's Net Zero Emissions Target
This study analyzes the contribution of forest carbon trading to Indonesia’s Net Zero Emissions (NZE) target using a qualitative approach involving five key informants, including policymakers, academics, practitioners, private sector actors, and community representatives. The findings reveal that forest carbon trading plays a strategic role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions through forest conservation, restoration, and sustainable land-use management. Carbon trading also generates significant economic benefits by mobilizing climate finance, supporting community livelihoods, and stimulating private sector participation. Additionally, the mechanism strengthens governance through improved monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems. However, challenges remain, including regulatory uncertainties, technical limitations, market volatility, land tenure issues, and inconsistent community engagement. The study concludes that forest carbon trading has strong potential to accelerate Indonesia’s progress toward NZE, provided that policy harmonization, institutional capacity, and community empowerment are reinforced. These insights offer valuable recommendations for enhancing carbon market effectiveness and supporting national climate goals.
Copyright (c) 2025 Novaldi Laudi Angrianto, Olivia Marie Caesaria Kesauliya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Challenges in Implementing Sustainable Forest Management in the Era of Globalization in Indonesia
This study examines the challenges of implementing Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) in Indonesia within the rapidly evolving context of globalization. Using a qualitative literature review of 10 Scopus-indexed articles, the analysis identifies key obstacles that hinder effective and sustainable forest governance. The findings reveal that institutional weaknesses—such as fragmented policies, weak law enforcement, and limited coordination among governmental agencies—remain central barriers. Economic pressures driven by global market demands for timber and agricultural commodities intensify deforestation risks and complicate the alignment between development goals and conservation priorities. Social challenges, including limited community participation, land tenure conflicts, and uneven distribution of benefits, further constrain the success of SFM initiatives. Additionally, environmental degradation, climate change impacts, and insufficient adoption of advanced monitoring technologies continue to undermine forest protection efforts. Global sustainability frameworks and certification schemes, while beneficial, introduce complex requirements that local stakeholders often struggle to meet. This study concludes that addressing SFM challenges in Indonesia requires strengthening institutional capacity, enhancing community empowerment, aligning economic incentives with conservation goals, and integrating advanced technologies to support evidence-based policymaking.
Copyright (c) 2025 Christian Soleman Imburi, Novaldi Laudi Angrianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Palm Oil and Deforestation: Mapping the Scientific Debate through Bibliometric and Network Analysis (2000 – 2025)
The environmental impacts of palm oil cultivation—particularly its link to deforestation—have become the subject of growing global concern and academic inquiry. This study explores the scientific landscape of palm oil and deforestation research through a bibliometric and network analysis using data retrieved from the Scopus database. Employing VOSviewer, the analysis maps co-authorship networks, country collaborations, keyword co-occurrence, and thematic evolutions from 2017 to 2019. The findings reveal that research in this domain is highly interdisciplinary, with dominant themes centered on land use change, carbon emissions, biodiversity loss, and sustainability governance. Influential nodes include authors and institutions based in both producing countries (e.g., Indonesia and Malaysia) and research-intensive countries (e.g., United States and United Kingdom). Keyword trends also reflect a temporal shift from biophysical monitoring and remote sensing toward more integrative concerns such as certification, biofuels, and sustainable development. This study offers valuable insights for scholars, policymakers, and stakeholders by identifying knowledge gaps, highlighting collaborative opportunities, and providing a foundation for advancing sustainability discourse and action in the palm oil sector.
Agricultural Diversification as a Strategy for Household Economic Resilience Among Farmers
This study examines agricultural diversification as a strategy for strengthening household economic resilience among smallholder farmers. Using a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with five farmer informants who engaged in multiple agricultural activities, including cultivating food crops, cash crops, and livestock rearing. The findings reveal that diversification reduces dependence on a single commodity, mitigates risks from price fluctuations and crop failures, and enhances household food security. Farmers also emphasized that diversification fosters adaptive capacity by encouraging experimentation with new crops and farming practices. However, challenges such as limited access to capital, weak market linkages, and inadequate extension services hinder the effectiveness of diversification. Overall, the study highlights that agricultural diversification serves as both a survival mechanism and a resilience-building strategy for rural households. Policy support in the form of credit access, market development, and technical assistance is essential to optimize the benefits of diversification and promote sustainable rural livelihoods.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yohanes Kamakaula https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategies to Increase Added Value of Agricultural Products through Local Agribusiness Development
This study explores strategies for increasing the added value of agricultural products through the development of local agribusiness. A qualitative approach was employed, involving in-depth interviews with five key informants, including farmers, an agribusiness practitioner, a cooperative representative, and a local government official. The findings reveal that enhancing product value requires an integrated strategy encompassing product processing and diversification, branding and marketing innovation, technology adoption, farmer empowerment, and policy and institutional support. Farmers’ capacity building, supported by cooperatives and government programs, plays a crucial role in sustaining value-added initiatives. The study concludes that the development of local agribusiness not only increases the competitiveness and marketability of agricultural products but also contributes to rural economic growth and improved community welfare.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dyah Ayu Suryaningrum, Putu Fajar Kartika Lestari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bibliometric Analysis of the Development of Food Security Studies in the Perspective of Agricultural Economics
This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global research on food security through the lens of agricultural economics, aiming to uncover the intellectual structure, thematic evolution, and collaborative networks within the field. Using data retrieved from the Scopus database (2000–2025) and analyzed through VOSviewer, the study identifies key trends, influential authors, countries, and emerging research fronts. Keyword co-occurrence mapping reveals that food security remains the central theme, closely linked with agricultural production, climate change, sustainable development, and innovation in agricultural practices. Temporal overlay analysis shows a thematic shift from poverty and nutrition toward climate-smart agriculture and digital transformation, while density visualization highlights research intensity around sustainability and production. Author and country co-authorship networks indicate strong regional clusters, with the United States, India, and the United Kingdom playing leading roles in shaping the discourse. The findings offer practical implications for policymakers and theoretical contributions by expanding the analytical dimensions of agricultural economics in addressing complex food system challenges. Limitations are acknowledged in database scope and keyword-level interpretation, providing directions for further qualitative and regional-specific exploration.
Economic Feasibility Analysis of Organic Farming Business as Part of Sustainable Agriculture
This study analyzes the economic feasibility of organic farming as part of sustainable agriculture in Indonesia. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 75 respondents consisting of organic farmers and stakeholders. A structured questionnaire with a Likert scale (1–5) was employed, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, including descriptive statistics, validity and reliability testing, and multiple regression analysis. The results show that organic farming is economically feasible, with production costs, profitability, market access, and sustainability all exerting positive and significant influences on economic feasibility. The regression model explained 61.2% of the variance, with sustainability emerging as the strongest predictor, followed by profitability, production costs, and market access. These findings suggest that organic farming not only contributes to environmental sustainability but also provides tangible financial returns for Indonesian farmers. Policy implications highlight the need for government support in training, certification, market development, and financial incentives to strengthen the organic sector. The study concludes that organic farming can serve as a viable strategy for sustainable rural development in Indonesia, although challenges related to market access and certification remain.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Putu Fajar Kartika Lestari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Mapping of Global Research on Climate Change and the Agricultural Sector: A Bibliometric Analysis 2000-2025
This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global research on climate change and the agricultural sector published between 2000 and 2025, using the Scopus database as the primary data source. A total of publications retrieved through a targeted keyword search were analyzed using VOSviewer to map co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrence, citation patterns, and thematic clusters. The results reveal agriculture as the central conceptual hub, linking critical themes such as food security, agricultural productivity, climate change adaptation, biosafety, public policy, and gender empowerment. Thematic evolution indicates a shift from early biophysical impact assessments toward more integrated approaches that combine technological innovation, governance frameworks, and socio-economic equity considerations. Collaboration network analysis highlights France as a key bridging country connecting European, African, and Latin American research communities. Practical implications include the need to strengthen interdisciplinary integration, foster cross-regional partnerships, and address thematic gaps—particularly in linking social equity with climate adaptation strategies. This study contributes theoretically by clarifying the intellectual structure and research trends of the field, while its methodological approach offers a replicable framework for bibliometric mapping in sustainability-related domains. Limitations include database coverage, keyword constraints, and the inability to assess the qualitative rigor of individual studies. The findings provide an evidence base to inform policy priorities, funding allocation, and future research agendas in building climate-resilient and low-emission agrifood systems.
The Effect of Food Price Fluctuations on Inflation After the 2024 General Election(Case Study: Medan City)
The city of Medan has several features that distinguish it from other cities in Indonesia. How fluctuations in food prices impact inflation can be influenced by variables such as the structure of the local food market, the accessibility of food distribution, and people's consumption patterns. The purpose of this research is to gain an understanding of the dynamics that occur in Medan, especially in the post-election context. This study aims to analyze the effect of food price fluctuations on the inflation rate in Medan City after the general election. Significant fluctuations in food prices often affect price stability and inflation, and the impact may become more complex after policy changes following the 2024 general election. This study aims to analyze the influence of food prices on inflation using a linear regression model with five independent variables: Rice Price, Chicken Meat Price, Red Chili Price, Beef Price, and Shallot Price. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test on non-standardized residuals showed a significance value of 0.251, which is greater than 0.05, indicating normal distributed data. The histogram shows a distribution of data that deviates to the right, while the P-Plot test on standardized residual shows the absence of heteroscedasticity. The multicollinearity test with the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) yielded values below 10.0 for all variables, indicating the absence of symptoms of multicollinearity. The results of the linear regression show that the coefficients for Rice Prices (-0.00000075), Red Chili Prices (-0.00000012), and Shallot Prices (-0.00000027) are negative, indicating an inverse relationship between these prices and inflation. Meanwhile, the coefficients for Chicken Meat Price (0.00000103) and Beef Price (0.00000008) were positive, but the effect was very small. A coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.609 indicates that about 60.9% of the variation in inflation can be explained by this model. The partial hypothesis test showed that only the Chicken Meat Price had a significant influence on inflation (significance value of 0.017, less than 0.05). The other variables did not show a significant influence because their significance value was greater than 0.05. The F test showed a significance value below 0.05, indicating that simultaneously, all five food price variables had a significant influence on inflation. The study concluded that, although only one variable was individually significant, overall, changes in food prices affected inflation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Emma Fadhilah, Abraham Ismail Pulungan, Nelfita Rizka S. Depari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Impact of Credit Distribution on Productivity and Income of Farmers in Ketapang District
This study examines the impact of credit distribution on the productivity and income of farmers in Ketapang District using a quantitative approach. Data were collected from 150 farmers through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 20. The findings reveal that credit distribution significantly enhances farm productivity and income, with farm productivity serving as a partial mediator in this relationship. Farmers who accessed credit demonstrated a 30% increase in crop yield and higher monthly income compared to non-credit users. Despite these positive outcomes, challenges such as high-interest rates and limited collateral were identified as barriers to credit accessibility. The study concludes that well-designed credit programs and institutional support are essential to maximizing the benefits of credit distribution for smallholder farmers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ammar Muhtadi, I Putu Gede Didik Widiarta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Approach in Optimizing Conservation Agriculture Practices
The integration of digital technologies in conservation agriculture (CA) has emerged as a transformative approach to enhancing agricultural sustainability and productivity. This qualitative study explores the experiences of five farmers implementing CA practices supported by digital tools. Semi-structured interviews reveal the benefits of digital adoption, including improved resource efficiency, enhanced productivity, knowledge dissemination, and environmental sustainability. However, challenges such as limited digital literacy, high costs, and poor rural internet connectivity hinder broader adoption. The study discusses these findings in the context of existing literature, emphasizing the need for user-friendly technologies, capacity building, and infrastructure development. The research concludes with policy and practical recommendations to bridge the gap between technology and farmers, ensuring equitable access and maximizing the potential of digital tools to optimize CA practices.
The Contribution of Food Commodities to Inflation Rates: A Case Study of Agricultural Products in Region X
This study investigates the contribution of agricultural products to inflation rates in Region X, Indonesia, using a qualitative approach. Based on interviews with five farmers, the research identifies key factors influencing agricultural production and their link to inflationary pressures. Findings reveal that fluctuating input costs, climate variability, and supply chain inefficiencies significantly impact production levels and pricing mechanisms. Intermediaries play a dominant role in determining prices, creating a gap between farm-gate and market rates. Socio-economic vulnerabilities, including farmers' dual roles as producers and consumers, exacerbate the challenges posed by inflation. The study highlights the need for policy interventions, such as improved infrastructure, price stabilization mechanisms, and enhanced bargaining power for farmers, to address these issues. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of inflation dynamics and the socio-economic challenges faced by smallholder farmers in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Supriandi, Muhammad Safii https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of The Role of Biotic Components in Ecosystem Equilibrium Through Aquaponic Modeling Using Covariate Analysis
Overusing pesticides has caused numerous problems in the agricultural sector and led to mutagenic effects in fish. Additionally, land conversion across Indonesia is a major challenge for farmers. Farmers have adopted an aquaponic system by combining catfish and hydroponic rice cultivation to address this. This method has been widely used in Indonesia; however, it still lacks a scientific benchmark. This research aims to observe changes in biotic component behavior after degradation of bacterial strains, namely Lactobacillus, Nitrobacter, and Photosynthetic Bacteria. Through this, we will analyze the interaction between catfish and paddy using a parametric ANCOVA assay. The results show that the use of bacterial strains significantly affects the catfish growth in terms of length and weight. However, the correlation between the growth of catfish and paddy is not significant. While the well-being of catfish contributes to better paddy growth, the absence of catfish does not negatively impact paddy growth, as catfish are not the primary source of nutrients required by the paddy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Natalie, Keiko Vianna Lo, Sharleen Valencia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Modern Harvesting Tools in Supporting Agricultural Modernization and National Food Security
Modern harvesting tools have become essential in supporting agricultural modernization and strengthening food security in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach, interviewing five farmers to explore their experiences with adopting and utilizing these tools. The findings reveal that modern harvesting tools significantly reduce labor requirements, save time, and improve crop quality, directly benefiting farmers' productivity. However, the adoption process is hindered by financial constraints, limited technical knowledge, and maintenance challenges. The study highlights the need for government support in providing subsidies, affordable credit, and local technical training to ensure the sustainable use of modern tools. These findings underscore the transformative potential of modern agricultural technologies in achieving national food security goals.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Dewa Oka Suparwata, M Marjan, Liz Yanti Andriyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Nutrient Composition on the Growth of Kale Plants in Hydroponic Systems
This study reviews the impact of nutritional composition on the growth of kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) in hydroponic systems, synthesizing findings from 15 Scopus-indexed studies. The analysis highlights the critical roles of macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) and micronutrients (iron, magnesium, zinc) in optimizing plant growth, yield, and quality. Additionally, it examines the importance of nutrient solution management, including pH, electrical conductivity, and nutrient concentration, for efficient nutrient uptake. Innovative practices such as organic additives and advanced monitoring systems are also discussed for their potential to enhance productivity and sustainability. The review identifies gaps in existing research, particularly in standardizing nutrient formulations and assessing the long-term impact on nutritional quality. These findings provide actionable insights for researchers and practitioners aiming to advance hydroponic kale cultivation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Farida Arinie Soelistianto, Yohan, Dewa Oka Suparwata, M Marjan, Moh. Baitullah Amaludin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Impact of Agroindustry, Packaging Technology, and Local Product Branding on the Value Added of Banana Products in Makassar
This study investigates the impact of agroindustry, packaging technology, and local product branding on the value added to banana products in Makassar. Using a quantitative approach, data was collected from 145 banana producers in Makassar, with responses measured using a Likert scale. The study employed Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS 3) for data analysis. The results revealed that agroindustry development, packaging technology, and local product branding all have significant positive impacts on the value added to banana products. Agroindustry showed a moderate positive relationship, while packaging technology had a stronger influence. Local product branding, although important, showed a weaker effect. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating advanced agroindustry practices, modern packaging technologies, and effective branding strategies to enhance the competitiveness and economic viability of banana products in Makassar. This research offers practical insights for stakeholders seeking to improve the value addition of agricultural products and provides a foundation for further studies in the agroindustry sector.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rissa Megavitry https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Utilization of Microorganism-Based Biopesticides to Increase Crop Productivity
The increased global emphasis on sustainable farming has accelerated interest in microorganism-based biopesticides as an alternative to chemical pesticides. This systematic literature review of 65 articles acquired from the Scopus database explains research trends, top journals, affiliations, and actual applications of microorganism-based biopesticides in increasing crop production. The results show a marked escalation in publications since 2018, with India, the United States, and Europe leading the research. Top journals such as Microorganisms for Sustainability and Crop Protection are essential for knowledge dissemination. Leading academic institutions, such as Banaras Hindu University, and governmental institutions, such as the USDA Agricultural Research Service, drive innovation in the field. This study chronicles the increasing global recognition of biopesticides as a contribution to sustainable agriculture and identifies the major areas requiring additional research, such as field efficacy, scalability, and regulation. These findings are valuable to policymakers, researchers, and agricultural stakeholders interested in introducing biopesticides into conventional farming systems.
Copyright (c) 2025 Meko Gustian, Mardia Apriansi, Randi Raharjo , Eki Erduansyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integration of Satellite and Blockchain Technology in Carbon Trade Marketing Model: Case Study of REDD+ Scheme in Bromo-Tengger-Semeru Protection Forest
This study explores the integration of satellite technology and blockchain platforms in the context of the REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) program of the Bromo-Tengger-Semeru Protection Forest. Through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) spatial analysis and blockchain modeling, the research develops a comprehensive carbon trade marketing model to address monitoring, transparency, and efficiency problems in carbon credit trade. Results indicate that GIS effectively identifies high-priority sites for conservation, while blockchain enables and maximizes carbon credit trade with smart contracts. Stakeholder comments underscore regulatory clarity, public engagement, and technical expertise in ensuring the optimal utilization of the model. The proposed convergence offers a cost-effective, scalable, and open-source solution to complement REDD+ implementation for promoting global efforts toward mitigation of climate change and sustainable development.
Copyright (c) 2025 Haryono Haryono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Transformation in Carbon Trading: Combination of Satellite and Blockchain Technology in REDD+ Schemes
Digitalization has introduced advanced technologies that can potentially revolutionize carbon trading systems, particularly in REDD+ programs. This study examines the application of satellite and blockchain technologies to enhance REDD+ programs. Satellite technology provides real-time, high-resolution forest imagery, ensuring accurate carbon stock measurement, while blockchain offers secure, transparent, and efficient carbon credit exchange platforms. With a combination of GIS analysis, literature review, and expert interviews, the study proposes an integrated framework that automates Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) processes and prevents fraud in carbon trading. The findings indicate that combining these technologies can significantly enhance REDD+ credibility and scalability, but challenges such as high implementation costs, loopholes in regulations, and technical complexities must be addressed. This research maps the journey towards incorporating emerging digital technologies in climate change mitigation efforts.
Use of Satellite Technology for Forest Cover Area Monitoring in a Blockchain-Based Carbon Trading Scheme
This study explores the utilization of satellite technology, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and blockchain to enhance forest cover monitoring and enable a transparent carbon trading mechanism. Satellite high-resolution imagery and GIS analysis were applied in estimating forest cover change and carbon sequestration potential. In addition, a blockchain prototype was also developed to automatically issue and exchange carbon credits using smart contracts to ensure transparency and efficiency. Findings indicate a 7.5% reduction in forest cover in the study area over five years, with the highest deforestation hotspots discovered through spatial analysis. The blockchain platform was successful in automating carbon credit transactions with an average processing time of 15 seconds and ensuring secure and immutable records. Stakeholder feedback highlighted the capacity of the system to simplify regulatory oversight and promote trust in carbon marketplaces. The study points to the feasibility and scalability of integrating such technologies to address deforestation, enhance carbon trading mechanisms, and aid global sustainability goals.
A Systematic Review of Natural Additives for Product Safety and Nutritional Value
The utilization of natural additives in food processing has gained significant attention due to growing consumer demand for safe, nutritious, and clean-label products. This systematic review analyzed 30 studies from the Scopus database to evaluate the types, functions, and impacts of natural additives on food safety and nutritional value. Findings reveal that plant-based, animal-derived, and microbial-derived additives demonstrate strong antimicrobial, antioxidant, and nutrient-enhancing properties. Natural additives such as polyphenols, essential oils, and bioactive peptides effectively improve product safety by inhibiting microbial growth, reducing oxidation, and mitigating mycotoxins. They also contribute to nutritional fortification and functional health benefits. Despite challenges such as cost, regulatory compliance, and sensory acceptance, the adoption of natural additives presents significant opportunities for sustainable and health-focused food innovation. This review underscores the importance of further research to optimize extraction methods, develop synergistic formulations, and enhance consumer education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rissa Megavitry, Ismi Irfiyanti Fachruddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bibliometric Analysis of Agropreneurship
Agropreneurship, the integration of agriculture and entrepreneurship, has gained significant attention as a means of fostering economic growth, rural development, and sustainable agricultural practices. This study employs a bibliometric analysis to assess the research landscape of agropreneurship, using Scopus as the primary data source and VOSviewer for analytical visualization. The findings reveal key thematic clusters, including innovation, sustainability, policy interventions, and entrepreneurial behaviors, which highlight the multidisciplinary nature of agropreneurship research. The study also identifies emerging trends such as digital agropreneurship, climate-smart agriculture, and financial support mechanisms for smallholder farmers. Despite the growing interest, research fragmentation and the need for greater interdisciplinary collaboration remain challenges. The study concludes that fostering technological integration, strengthening market access, and enhancing policy frameworks are critical to advancing agropreneurship. Future research should focus on addressing these gaps to support sustainable agricultural entrepreneurship and global food security.
Copyright (c) 2025 Loso Judijanto, Farida Arinie, Budi Nugroho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0